§ I. The Pigs
Problem.--Place twenty-four pigs in four sties so that, as you go round and round you may always find the number in each sty nearer to ten than the number in the last.
Answer.--Place 8 pigs in the first sty, 10 in the second, nothing in the third, and 6 in the fourth: 10 is nearer ten than 8; nothing is nearer ten than 10; 6 is nearer ten than nothing; and 8 is nearer ten than 6.
This problem is noticed by only two correspondents. Balbus says, "It certainly cannot be solved mathematically, nor do I see how to solve it by any verbal quibble." Nolens Volens makes Her Radiancy change the direction of going round; and even then is obliged to add, "the Pig must be carried in front of her"!
§ 2. The Grurmstipths
Problem.--Omnibuses start from a certain point, both ways every 15 minutes. A traveler, starting on foot along with one of them, meets one in 12 1/2 minutes: when will he be overtaken by one?
Answer.-- In 6 1/4 minutes.
Solution.--Let "a" be the distance an omnibus goes in 15 minutes, and "x" the distance from the starting-point to where the traveler is overtaken. Since the omnibus met is due at the starting-point in 2 1/2 minutes, it goes in that time as far as the traveler waIks in 12 1/2, i.e., it goes 5 times as fast. Now the overtaking omnibus is "a" behind the traveler when he starts, and therefore goes "a+x" while he goes "x". Hence a +x 5x; i.e. 4x=a, and x=a/4. This distance would be traversed by an omnibus in 15/4 minutes. and therefore by the traveler in 5 x 15/4. Hence he is overtaken in 18 3/4 minutes after starting, i.e. in 6 1/4 minutes after meeting the omnibus.
Four answers have been received, of which two are wrong. Dinah Mite rightly states that the overtaking omnibus reached the point where they met the other omnibus 5 minutes after they left, but wrongly concludes that, going 5 times as fast, it would overtake them in another minute. The travelers are 5 minutes' walk ahead of the omnibus, and must walk 1/4 of this distance farther before the omnibus overtakes them, which will be 1/5 of the distance traversed by the omnibus in the same time: this will require 1 1/4 minutes more. Nolens Volens tries it by a process like "Achilles and the Tortoise". He rightly states that, when the overtaking omnibus leaves the gate, the travelers are 1/5 of "a" ahead, and that it will take the omnibus 3 minutes to traverse this distance; "during which time" the travelers, he tells us, go 1/15 of "a" (this should be 1/25). The travelers being now 1/15 of "a" he concludes that the work remaining to be done is for the travelers to go 1/60 of "a", while the omnibus goes 1/12. The principle is correct, and might have been applied earlier.
Class List.
I.
Balbus.
Delta.
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