Balge yellow is said to be 'sunflower yellow' or 'a brilliant yellow color'.
Now only does Merriam-Webster not have a origin, neither does the Oxford English Dictionary. In fact, the OED doesn't even have a definition. It appears that a frustrated lexicographer may have inserted this word just for the heck of it. I suggest we support this poor logophile by using this word whenever possible.
....if only we know how it was pronounced...