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external respiration
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Tue May 29 2001 at 4:48:49
External respiration is the process that occurs in the
lungs
by which gasses, especially
O2
and
CO2
, are exchanged between the
blood
and the air. The specific structures for this exchange are the minute, surface-area-ridden
alveoli
. The process by which the gasses are exchanged is simple
diffusion
. The higher concentration of
carbon dioxide
in the
blood
causes it to diffuse into the air whereas the higher concentration of
oxygen
in the air causes it to diffuse into the
blood
. Since most of the
CO2
in the blood is kept in the form of the
bicarbonate ion
, this ion must be decomposed before
CO2
gas can be expelled. The enzyme
carbonic anhydrase
catalyzes
this reaction. De-oxy-
haemoglobin
(Canadian Spelling) combines with
oxygen
that has diffuses into the blood to form oxy-
haemoglobin
. Also, those molecules of
haemoglobin
that had been carrying
CO2
molecules, in the complex
carbamino-haemoglobin
, liberate those
CO2
molecules at this point, allowing the
CO2
to diffuse across the membrane and a greater amount of
O2
to be absorbed.
printable version
chaos
respiration
internal respiration
endosymbiotic theory
O2
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