Defined as Magnificat in Latin meaning magnifies, it is the song of the Virgin Mary, beginning "Magnificat anima mea Dominum" (my soul doth magnify the Lord), from Luke 1:46-55. The magnificat is the daily vesper hymn of the Roman Catholic Church and is usually sung at evening prayer in the Church of England.

Perhaps for fear of venerating Mary, Protestants have tended to go to the opposite extreme and practically ignore her. Studies of biblical mothers such as Sarah, Isaac's mother; Rachel, Joseph's mother, Hannah, Elizabeth, Abigail, and Deborah abound. But when it comes to Mary, who was chosen by God to give life and nurture to Jesus, the Protestants are curiously reticent.

Though some scholars have contended that this canticle was a song of Elizabeth (the wife of Zechariah and the mother of John the Baptist), a relative of Mary, most early Greek and Latin manuscripts regard it as the "Song of Mary"or sometimes called the Canticle of Mary in the Gospel of Luke 1:46-55. Also known as "The Magnificant" in some areas of the world, elaborate musical settings have been created for the Magnificat. One of the most familiar examples is the Bach Magnificat which was composed during his first year in Leipzig for the Christmas service of 1723. Also chanted in all eight modes of plainsong it has been the subject of numerous other settings.

And Mary said:

    "My soul glorifies the Lord and my spirit rejoices in God my Savior,
    for he has been mindful of the humble state of his servant. From now on all
    generations will call me blessed, for the Mighty One has done great things for
    me-- holy is his name. His mercy extends to those who fear him, from generation
    to generation
    . He has performed mighty deeds with his arm; he has scattered
    those who are proud in their inmost thoughts. He has brought down rulers from
    their thrones but has lifted up the humble. He has filled the hungry with good things
    but has sent the rich away empty. He has helped his servant Israel, remembering to
    be merciful to Abraham and his descendants forever, even as he said to our fathers." Luke 1:46-55
In The Magnificat, Mary praises God because what God has done for her is a sign of what God has done and will do for all people especially the poor, the excluded, the marginalized, the voiceless peoples of all ages.

Luke has recorded in his narrative the first Christmas song. The very first Christmas carol and he pens wonderful melody Mary hears sounds like a symphony in two movements, first God re-establishing the relationship with humanity and, second, that new relationship changes the way we are to relate to one another. Luke relates it as a song of joy in difficult times. A young girl, pregnant, unmarried and afraid, sings the song. Mary was a very ordinary poor, young, uneducated Jewish female. Unwed mothers were either executed or ostracized and Mary had nothing going for her except God. Luke's chorus of Mary's Magnificant is an exclamation of joy

    "My soul magnifies the Lord,
    My spirit rejoices in God my Savior."
and a song of triumph in tragedy it is a song of the celebration of God's use of the seemingly insignificant for God's significant purpose.
    "He has regarded the low estate of his handmaiden"
It is a message of hope.... the ability to hear the melody of the future and faith is the courage to dance to its tune today.

The following is the Magnificat in the Latin Vulgate version:

    Magnificat anima mea Dominum et exultavit spiritus meus in Deo
    salutari meo
    quia respexit humilitatem ancillae
    suae
    ecce enim ex hoc beatam me dicent
    omnes generationes
    quia fecit mihi magna qui potens est
    et sanctum nomen eius
    et misericordia eius in progenies et
    progenies timentibus eum
    fecit potentiam in brachio suo dispersit
    superbos mente cordis sui
    deposuit potentes de sede et
    exaltavit humiles
    esurientes implevit bonis et divites
    dimisit inanes
    suscepit Israhel puerum suum
    memorari misericordiae
    sicut locutus est ad patres nostros
    Abraham et semini eius in saecula.

The English Revised Standard Version:

    My soul magnifies the Lord,
    and my spirit rejoices in God my
    Savior,
    for he has regarded the low estate
    of his handmaiden.
    For behold, henceforth all generations
    will call me blessed;
    for he who is mighty has done great
    things for me,
    and holy is his name.
    And his mercy is on those who fear
    him
    from generation to generation.
    He has shown strength with his
    arm,
    he has scattered the proud in the
    imagination of their hearts,
    he has put down the mighty from
    their thrones,
    and exalted those of low degree;
    he has filled the hungry with good
    things,
    and the rich he has sent empty
    away.
    He has helped his servant Israel,
    in remembrance of his mercy,
    as he spoke to our fathers,
    to Abraham and to his posterity
    for ever.
Many thanks to Quizro who relates the following about the Magnificat. From the book 'Amazing Grace' by Kathleen Norris: "The Magnificat's message is so subversive that for a period during the 1980s the government of Guatemala banned its public recitation." Cool!

Sources:

britannica.com
http://www.britannica.com/

The Gospel of Luke

infoplease.com
http://lycos.infoplease.com/

Magnificat is the name of a Catholic magazine and prayer guide that has been published fourteen times a year since December, 1998. The format is tiny, and has gotten even tinier over the years. Each issue is about four hundred pages, printed on the very fine paper traditionally used in Bibles; the end product is smaller than a drugstore paperback and maybe a third the thickness.

Each month's issue contains the entire Catholic liturgy for that month. In the very centre of the book -- taking up about a dozen pages, edged in red so they can be thumbed-to easily -- the reader can find the ordinaries, which is to say the parts of the Mass that stay the same each day. Cradle Catholics will probably know all of these by heart, having spoken or sung them at least once a week all their lives, but the presence of the ordinaries on these pages is handy for people who are less familiar with them -- recent converts, travellers to foreign countries, interested outsiders, wandering anthropologists, and so on. Some famous cathedrals have free copies of Magnificat available at the door so that tourists can follow the ceremony; this seems to be more common in Europe than in the Americas, where the day's mass is more often given out on a photocopied sheet.

The bulk of the rest of each issue is taken up with the propers, which is to say the parts of the Mass that change from day to day. Catholic ritual follows the flow of the liturgical year, which in turn is an abstraction of Christ's life (birth-ministry-death-resurrection), which in yet another turn is a distillation of what Christians call "salvation history," which is to say the grand plan that God has for the world.

Different prayers, psalms, and Biblical readings are therefore considered appropriate for different liturgical seasons: Lent, for example, is a penitential season, which calls for more solemn readings (and, in many churches, the absence of the joyful Gloria); meanwhile, Christmastide is a time of livelier material that makes frequent reference to light and new beginnings.

Furthermore, each day in the Catholic calendar is dedicated to one or more saints, who may be mentioned within the day's service. The saints who appear in the Bible itself usually have a reading specifically dedicated to them. Magnificat supplies some information on major saints, but information on quirkier, less famous, or more local saints needs to be found elsewhere.

Even the priest isn't expected to have all this stuff memorized, which is why he has a great big fat book up there with him. For the Catholic who wants to pray at home (most Catholics are not expected to attend Mass every day), or for the monk who follows the Liturgy of the Hours, or for the ritual junkie like me, Magnificat contains all the same information that the priest uses, arranged chronologically.

There are a few elements of the Mass that cannot be printed in Magnificat because they change from parish to parish. For instance, there is a body of hymns that is associated with each liturgical season, but which specific hymn is sung in a specific church on a specific day will be decided by the administration of that parish. Again, cradle Catholics will probably have learned all the most popular hymns over the course of the years, since they are used over and over again in various combinations. But the outsider will need to rely on a hymnal if she doesn't know the lyrics. (Since most Catholic hymns contain at least thirty million verses, a hymnal can sometimes be handy for cradle Catholics too.)

Also, each sermon is written by the celebrant for that day's Mass, and (in theory, anyway) will contain fresh material each day. To this the priest will often add local news -- invitations to church events, announcements about parishioners who are getting married, requests for prayers for the ill, and so on.

Finally, the whole point of the Mass -- the consumption of the bread and wine that Catholics believe is the body and blood of Christ -- cannot be reproduced in any book. So Magnificat is a guide to the ritual -- a screenplay if you will -- but not a replacement for it.

Magnificat contains a few elements that are not directly relevant to the day's ritual obligations. For example, each issue has a reproduction of a classical Christian painting with some edifying commentary about it. There is also an editorial and a small printed calendar. The layout is quite lovely; even a non-Catholic can appreciate how much information is contained in each magazine, and how clearly and intuitively that information is arranged.

Magnificat is understandably more expensive than the average monthly magazine: as of this writing, a subscription in the U.S. comes to about $40.00 per year.

For the French seminarian in wire-framed glasses. I'll find you yet.

Mag*nif"i*cat (?), n. [L., it magnifies.]

The song of the Virgin Mary, Luke i. 46; -- so called because it commences with this word in the Vulgate.

 

© Webster 1913.

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