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Peace of Westphalia
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Mon Feb 10 2003 at 1:51:38
At the end of the
Thirty Years' War
in 1648, this agreement gave individual
princes
the right to choose the official
religion
of their realm. As such, it was one of the first, and most important, documents to declare the idea of the
sovereignty
of states.
State
sovereignty
establishes that it is the ruler of the state that has supreme
political authority
. This allows them to claim supremacy within the boundaries of their realm and absolved them of the need to consult with a higher authority. Legally, the treaty entrenched the idea of the
state
as the sole actor with the right to the
legitimate use of force
. The basis of this is in the reciprocal recognition of this right by all states. Political legitimacy was beginning to be seen in
secular
rather than religious terms: a development along the path to
liberal democracy
.
Another major element of the
Westphalian System
is the idea of
collective security
. Whenever a state displayed blatant aggression towards another, all of the others were to unite in opposition to the aggressor in order to restore the
status quo
. This multipolar
balance of power
is considered to have endured until the end of
WWII
.
printable version
chaos
Thirty Years' War
Landau equivalent
Sovereignty
Holy Roman Empire
Sounds of cicadas
Treaty of Westphalia
Cuius Regio Eius Religio
international relations
Nation-state
Peasants' Revolt
Westphalia
raison d'état
Collective security
state
Cardinal Richelieu
Treaty of Rome
Gustavus Adolphus
Otto von Bismarck
micron
Sakura
1815
pilates
Balance of Power
Elector of the Holy Roman Empire
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