A medical researcher who specializes in odd neurological disorders. He wrote Awakenings (and was masterfully-portrayed by Robin Williams in the movie version), An Anthropologist on Mars, and The Man who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, among others. He's given various lectures on creativity, he's worked with many autistics to varying degrees (from Asperger's syndrome to a full-blown inability to process information), and he fundamentally gets the creative mindset.
Editor's note: Oliver Sacks died August 30, 2015, after suffering from liver cancer. He was 82 years old.