Finnish is a Uralic language, belonging to the Finno-Ugric group. It is, therefore, closely related to Estonian, and also has commonalities with Samoyed and the languages of the Volga basin. The widest spoken of this group of languages is Hungarian, yet nowadays the similarities between the two are few.

It is spoken by around 5,000,000 people in Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Russian Karelia. It is not a Scandinavian language, however. Nor, is it a Indo-European language. It does, however, have many loan words from the Baltic, Slavic and Germanic languages, and many words are dervied from English.

The Finns on Åland, as well as on the coast near Helsinki, Turku, and Vaasa, generally speak Swedish, and most Finns learn Swedish at school.

Finnish uses the special characters ä and ö. Its orthography also includes the Swedish å.